注释（第8/16页）
[52] Journals of the House of Commons, 6:107, 111, quoted in Orr, Treason and the State, 173.
[53] Bauman, Crimen Maiestatis in the Roman Republic and Augustan Principate,271–77; Orr, Treason and the State, 12, 44 – 45 (referring to 25 Edward III, st. 5,c. 3); Digest 48.4.3.
[54] hobbes, Leviathan, 2:192.
[55] Ibid., 2:256, 274, 278, 282.
[56] hobbes, “Questions Relative to Hereditary Right” (1679), in Writings on Common Law and Hereditary Right, 177– 78.
[57] Locke, Two Treatises of Government, 137 (“The Preface”).
[58] Woolhouse, Locke, 11.
[59] 例如Harrison and Laslett, Library of John Locke, items 2, 561– 62, 927,1146 – 48, 1818 –19, 2792b, 3060。
[60] Locke, Two Treatises of Government, 278 (2nd Treatise, § 16).
[61] Ibid., 416 –17 (2nd Treatise, §§ 227, 228).
[62] Locke, “On Allegiance and the Revolution” (ca. April 1690), in Political Essays, 307.
[63] Pocock, “Fourth English Civil War,” 153, 159.
[64] Sidney, Discourses Concerning Government, 198, 187– 89.
[65] Ibid., 193, 196 – 99.
[66] Sidney, Court Maxims, 20.
[67] Sidney, Discourses Concerning Government, 121.
[68] Ibid., 198.
[69] Filmer, Patriarcha, 54, 55–56, 57, 58.
[70] Sidney, Discourses Concerning Government, 120.
[71] Ibid., 172.
[72] Montesquieu, Reflections on the Causes of the Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire, 61; Bates, States of War, 160 – 64.
[73] Jouffroy, Mélanges philosophiques par Théodore Jouffroy, 140 (“Les guerresciviles de l’Europe sont finies”).
第四章 革命时代的内战 18世纪
[1] Abdul-Ahad, “ ‘Syria Is Not a Revolution Any More.’ ”
[2] Compare Viola, “Rivoluzione e guerra civile,” 24: “In un certo senso la rivoluzione sprovincializza la guerra civile.”
[3] Arendt, On Revolution, 12.
[4] 在Encyclopédie的“战争”这一词条中，同样没有提到Civil war［Guerre］。在Dictionnaire de l’Académie Française (1762)第四版中将Guerre civile,& guerre intestine定义为La guerre qui s’allume entre les peuples d’un mêmeÉtat。参见the ARTFL Project’s“Dictionnaires d’autrefois”。http://artflproject.uchicago.edu /content/dictionnaires-dautrefois.
[5] Koselleck, “Historical Criteria of the Modern Concept of Revolution,” trans.Tribe, 47, 48, 49。revolution和civil war两个概念的连续性，参见Koselleck,Critique and Crisis, 160 – 61; Bulst et al., “Revolution, Rebellion, Aufruhr,Bürgerkrieg,” esp. 712 –14, 726 –27, 778 – 80。
[6] Momigliano, “Ancient History and the Antiquarian,” 294; Goulemot, Le règne de l’histoire, 127–56.
[7] Echard, The Roman History from the Building of the City to the Perfect Settlement of the Empire by Augustus Cæsar.
[8] Vertot, Histoire de la conjuration de Portugal; Vertot, Histoire des révolutions de Suède où l’on voit les changemens qui sont arrivez; Vertot, Histoire des révolutions de Portugal.
[9] Trakulhun, “Das Ende der Ming-Dynastie in China (1644).”
[10] Sidney, Discourses Concerning Government, 195 – 96.
[11] Vattel, Law of Nations (1758), 3.18.293, ed. Kapossy and Whatmore, 645.
[12] “A Declaration by the Representatives of the United States of America, in General Congress Assembled” ( July 4, 1776), in Armitage, Declaration of Independence, 165.
[13] Vattel, Law of Nations 1.4.51, 3.1.1–2, ed. Kapossy and Whatmore, 105, 469.
[14] Ibid., 3.18.287, 290, ed. Kapossy and Whatmore, 641, 642.
[15] “Thomas Jefferson’s ‘Original Rough Draft’ of the Declaration of Independence,” in Armitage, Declaration of Independence, 161.
[16] Vattel, Law of Nations 3.18.292, ed. Kapossy and Whatmore, 644 – 45. On Vattel’s doctrine of civil war, see Rech, Enemies of Mankind, 209 –13, 216 –20.
[17] Vattel, Law of Nations 3.18.293, ed. Kapossy and Whatmore, 645.
[18] Ibid., 3.18.295, ed. Kapossy and Whatmore, 648 – 49.